Research progress on reproductive toxicity and reproductive system tumors induced by environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals / 环境与职业医学

Environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals are a kind of exogenous chemicals that generally exist in the environment, and can disturb the endocrine homeostasis and adversely affect reproductive, immune, neurological, and other functions after entering the body, among which the damage to the reproductive system is the most significant one. Studies have confirmed that the long-term exposure to environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals have irreversible and harmful effects on primordial germ cell growth, reproductive organ development, and reproductive endocrine regulation, and also have obvious correlations with the occurrence and development of various reproductive system tumors. This paper reviewed various reproductive toxicities induced by common environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals in the developmental and reproductive stages, and associated mechanisms involved in the occurrence and development of reproductive system tumors.

Clinical Observation of Budesonide Combined with Salbutamol in the Treatment of Infant Bronchiolitis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate therapeutic efficacy,safety and economics of budesonide for infant bronchiolitis based on salbutamot. METHODS:In prospective study,160 inpatient children with bronchiolitis during Oct. 2014-Apr. 2016 were divid-ed into observation group and control group according to admission order,with 80 cases in each group. Both groups received conventional treatments. Control group was given Salbutamol solution for inhalation 0.25 mL added into 0.9% Sodium chloride injection 3 mL,q8 h. Observation group was given Budesonide suspension for inhalation 2 mL added into 0.9% Sodium chlo-ride injection 1 mL+Salbutamol solution for inhalation 0.25 mL,q8 h. Both groups received oxygen driven inhalation,and treat-ed for 5-7 d. Clinical symptom disappearance time,hospitalization time and clinical efficacy were compared between 2 groups as well as therapy drug cost(aerosol inhalation,other therapy drugs). The occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in cough disappearance time,wheezing disappearance time,lung rale disappearance time,tri-re-traction sign disappearance time and hospitalization time between 2 groups(P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in to-tal response rate between observation group (95.00%) and control group (92.50%)(P>0.05). The cost of inhalation drugs in observation group [(355.77±10.98)yuan] was significantly higher than control group [(26.83±2.86)yuan],with statistical signif-icance (P0.05). There was no significant ADR between 2 groups during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:For infant bronchiolitis,aerosol inhalation of budesonide based on salbutamol sulfate can not significantly shorten disease,shorten hospitalization time and improve clinical ef-ficacy,but increase therapy cost.

Efficacy and Safety of Pueraria lobata Extract in Gray Hair Prevention: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

BACKGROUND: Graying of hair-a sign of aging-raises cosmetic concerns. Individuals with gray hair often look older than others their age; therefore, some dye their hair for aesthetic purposes. However, hair colorants can induce many problems including skin irritation, allergic reaction and hair-breakage. OBJECTIVE: This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was performed in order to examine the effects of APHG-1001, a compound including an extract from Pueraria lobata, on graying hair. METHODS: A total of 44 female subjects were randomly treated with either APHG-1001 or placebo twice daily for 24 weeks. Using the phototrichogram analysis, a count of newly developed gray hair was estimated. Investigator assessment and subject self-assessment were also performed in order to evaluate the efficacy of the compound. RESULTS: The mean number of newly developed gray hair at 24 weeks was 6.3/cm2 in the APHG-1001 group and 11.4/cm2 in the placebo group; the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). However, the investigator assessment and subject self-assessment did not show any significant change in the gross appearance of hair grayness by the end of the study. No severe adverse events in either group were observed. Moreover, the incidence of adverse events did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSION: This clinical trial revealed that APHG-1001, which contains an extract of P. lobata, could prevent the development of new gray hair without any remarkable adverse effects. Thus, it can be considered as a viable treatment option for the prevention of gray hair.

Effects of leptin antibody on the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 mRNA in hypertrophic scar model in rabbit ears / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To estimate the effect of leptin antibody on transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 mRNA expression in hypertrophic scar model in rabbit ears.Methods Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits were included in this study.Three circular incisions which measured 7 mm in diameter and reached the perichondrium,were made in each ear of these rabbits to establish 90 models of hypertrophic scar.After the operation,these models were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups to be treated with topical sodium chloride physiological solution for 40 days (saline group),topical leptin antibody of 2 ng/ml for 40 days (leptin antibody group),and topical leptin antibody of 2 ng/ml for 14 days followed by injection of leptin antibody of 2 ng/ml once a week for 3 weeks (combination group).Scar tissue was resected from these rabbit ears at 40 days after the operation,followed by the determination of scar elevation index,histopathological examination by using haematoxylin and eosin staining,and quantification of TGF-β31 mRNA expression by real-time fluorescence-based PCR.SPSS 13.0 software was used for data processing.Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance.Results A significant decrease was observed in scar elevation index (2.33 ± 0.33 and 2.35 ± 0.22 vs.3.33 ± 0.41,both P ＜0.05) and TGF-β1 mRNA expression in the leptin antibody group and combination group compared with the control group,whereas no significant difference was observed between the leptin antibody group and combination group in either of the two parameters.Pathologically,there was an apparent proliferation of capillaries in the saline group with numerous irregularly and densely arranged fibroblasts with large nuclei,while relatively few fibroblasts with small nuclei,which were arranged in a more regular way,were observed in the leptin antibody group and combination group.Conclusion Leptin antibody treatment can reduce the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA in hypertrophic scar tissue in rabbit ears.